Fig. 1. Effect of P inputs on the solution P fraction after 10 yr of rice–rice cropping. Initial = Soil collected after 10 yr from fallow portion of the experimental field; T₁ = no chemical fertilizer or cow dung (CD) (control); T₂ = 40-8-12-5 kg ha^–1 N, P, K, and S in dry season rice and 30-6-9-4 kg ha^–1 N, P, K, and S in wet season rice; T₃ = 80-16-24-10 kg ha^–1 N, P, K, and S in dry season rice and 60-12-18-8 kg ha^–1 N, P, K, and S in wet season rice; T₄ = 120-24-36-15 kg ha^–1 N, P, K, and S in dry season rice and 90-18-27-12 kg ha^–1 N, P, K, and S in wet season rice; T₅ = T₂ + 5 Mg CD and 2.5 Mg ash ha^–1; T₆ = T₃ + 5 Mg CD and 2.5 Mg ash ha^–1.