Fig. 1. Measured solute breakthrough curves (BTCs) obtained from (A) laboratory and (B) field miscible displacement experiments, illustrating a range in typical solute transport behaviors and measurement characteristics. Symbols show observed BTCs, and the solid lines were generated by optimizing pore water velocity (v) and dispersion coefficient (D) using CXTFIT (Toride et al., 1995). PFBA = pentafluorobenzoic acid.