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Fig. 2. Water retention curves (a) obtained by the parameter estimation method using the van Genuchten–Mualem (VGM) ({blacktriangleup}{blacktriangleup}{blacktriangleup}) and Brutsaert-Gardner (B-G) (__) models including the SCIM measurements in the optimization procedure and fixing the ksat; and using the VGM model (---) but not including the suction crust infiltometer method (SCIM) measurements in the optimization procedure and estimating the ksat. {theta}wp is the water content independently measured at h = –15300 cm. Hydraulic conductivity functions (b obtained from the parameter estimation method using the VGM ({blacktriangleup}{blacktriangleup}{blacktriangleup}) and B-G (__) model including the SCIM measurements in the optimization procedure and fixing the ksat; and using the VGM model but (---) not including the SCIM measurements in the optimization procedure and estimating ksat.