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The Morphology and Genesis of the Gray-Brown Podzolic and Related Soils of Eastern Canada¹

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this investigation was to establish the range in characteristics of the Gray-brown Podzolic soils of Eastern Canada and to characterize the different kinds of Gray-brown Podzolic profiles. It was based on a comparative study of the morphological and some chemical characteristics of all the soil series of this group which have been recognized to date in Canada.

The Gray-brown Podzolic soils in Eastern Canada occur only on calcareous materials, and their maturity of development can be correlated with the length of time they have been subjected to weathering. They have mull-like, neutral to moderately acid, A₁ horizons, comparatively thick but only slightly to moderately unsaturated A₂ horizons and B₂ horizons which contain more clay and sesquioxides than the other horizons of the profile.

A number of intergrade Gray-brown Podzolic types, which possess some characteristics of the other groups in the region, have been characterized. The findings suggest that the cycle of profile development on calcareous materials in this region is from Brown Forest to Gray-brown Podzolic to Brown Podzolic and Podzol soils.

¹ Contribution from Experimental Farms Service, Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, Canada. Presented before Section V, Soil Science Society of America, State College, Pa., August 29, 1951.

² Senior Pedologist.