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Evaluation of Certain Factors Involved in Increasing Manganese Availability with Sulfur¹

ABSTRACT

Manganese deficiency on certain Indiana soils may be corrected by adding sulfur. When elemental sulfur is added to the soil, three important changes take place: an oxidation-reduction reaction, an increase in the sulfate ion concentration, and a pH change. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the importance of each of these factors in increasing manganese availability. Chemicals which would theoretically produce these three actions singly and in all possible combinations were added in equivalent amounts to a Maumee sandy loam soil having pH levels of 6.0, 6.5, and 7.5. This soil had previously shown severe manganese deficiency at the two higher pH levels. The chemicals used were elemental sulfur, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium thiosulfate, sugar, magnesium sulfate, and ammonium chloride. Soybeans were grown as the indicator crop.

Relationship between the yield and manganese content of the soybeans and the treatments were obtained under these conditions. The treatments including sulfur oxidation gave yields and manganese contents above that which could be attributed to pH change. Treatments causing a pH change benefited the crop in proportion to the pH change. The presence of sulfate alone gave no effect.

¹ Journal Paper No. 568, Purdue University Agricultural Experiment Station, Lafayette, Ind. Contribution from the Department of Agronomy. Part of thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Presented before Section IV, Soil Science Society of America, State College, Pa., August 30, 1951.

² Formerly Graduate Fellow, Agricultural Experiment Station, Purdue University, now Assistant Professor of Agronomy, Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Arkansas; and Assistant Research Professor of Agronomy, Agricultural Experiment Station, Purdue University. Acknowledgment is made to the Texas Gulf Sulphur Co. for financial assistance.