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Mineral Content of Low Humic, Humic and Hydrol Humic Latosols of Hawaii¹

ABSTRACT

Data from X-ray diffraction, elemental, differential and integral thermal, and infrared absorption analyses were used to characterize quantitatively the minerals in the clay fractions of representative soils of the Low Humic, Humic and Hydrol Humic Latosols of Hawaii. Allophane was identified in substantial amounts (approximately 30%) in the < 0.2u fractions of two Hydrol Humic Latosols. Other minerals present in the clay fractions of the Hydrol Humic Latosols include gibbsite (25–35%), goethite (10–35%), magnetite (5–20%), mica (1–10%) and quartz (0–3%). The Humic Latosol contained kaolin (15–20%), gibbsite (15–20%), hematite (20–25%), goethite (10–20%), montmorin (5–10%), interstratified 2:1 layer silicate (5–10%), mica (1–5%) and quartz (1–5%). The Low Humic Latosols were predominantly kaolinic (45–55%) with hematite (15–25%), allophane (5–10%) and montmorin (5–15%) in substantial amounts. The fractions < 2u constitute the major portion of the Latosols. All percentages given are of the < 2u fractions except that two whole soils are included with the Low Humic Latosol group.

¹ Joint contribution from the University of Wisconsin and the University of Hawaii. This work includes a portion of a thesis presented by the first author in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Univ. of Wis., and was supported in part by the Vocational Rehabilitation Service of Hawaii and in part by the Research Committee through a grant for supplies of funds from the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation. Published with the approval of the Director of Hawaii Agr. Exp. Sta. as Technical Paper 275. Presented before Division II, Soil Science Society of America, Cincinnati, Ohio, Nov. 20, 1952.

² Asst. soil scientist, Conn. Agr. Exp. Sta., New Haven, Conn.; professor of soils, Univ. of Wis.; head, Dept. of Soils and Agricultural Chemistry, Univ. of Hawaii.

Received for publication February 13, 1953.

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