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Chemical and Mineralogical Properties of a Brown Podzolic Soil¹

ABSTRACT

Chemical and mineralogical studies were made of the Wethersfield silt loam, a Brown Podzolic soil derived principally from sandstone, siltstone and shale. The clay minerals identified were illite, vermiculite, chlorite, and interstratified montmorillonitechlorite. Illite decreased from the parent material (70%) to the surface (35%) while vermiculite increased from 5% in the parent material to 40% in the surface. The interstratified montmorillonite-chlorite was positively identified in the B₃ and C horizons and composed 15% of the clay fraction. The chlorite, hematite, quartz and feldspars were present in quantities ranging from 5–10% each. Field observations of a compact C horizon capable of supporting a perched water table and a 7% slope facilitating lateral movement of water help to explain the results of the mechanical, chemical, and mineralogical analyses performed in the laboratory.

¹ Contribution from the Department of Soils. The Connecticut Agr. Exp. Sta., New Haven, Conn. Presented before the joint meeting of Division II and Division V, Soil Science Society of America, Dallas, Tex., Nov. 19, 1953.

² Assistant Soil Scientist and Chief Soil Scientist, respectively.

Received for publication November 30, 1953.