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A Comparison of the Efficiency of Eighteen Sources of Phosphate Fertilizers on Houston Black Clay¹

ABSTRACT

A five-year study was made to determine the efficiency of 18 phosphate fertilizers and amendments in 3 by 3 foot soil frames under simulated field conditions. A uniform application of 120 pounds of P₂O₅ per acre from each source of phosphorus was made. Treatments were set up in two identical series, one cropped to legumes and the other to grass.

Total yields were taken on each harvest and chemical analyses were made on legumes and Sudangrass. Total yields and chemical composition indicated that:

1. Most soluble forms of phosphate fertilizers gave significant increases in yield for both grasses and legumes.

2. Phosphate materials such as colloidal phosphate, defluorinated rock, and tricalcium phosphate were of little value on this type of soil, although defluorinated rock appeared to be better than the other two.

3. Such materials as sodium silicate and magnesium nitrate had very little effect on yield when used alone. When sodium silicate was used in combination with 20% superphosphate, a slight depressing effect on yield was noted.

4. Plant analyses showed very little differences due to source of phosphorus.

5. Sodium pyrophosphate and mono-ammonium phosphate produced higher yields on the average than 20% superphosphate or 45% superphosphate, but the differences were not significant at the 5% level.

¹ Paper No. 7, Karl Hoblitzelle Agricultural Laboratory of the Texas Research Foundation, Renner, Tex.; with financial assistance from the International Minerals and Chemical Corporation. Presented before Div. IV, Soil science Society of America, Dallas, Tex., Nov. 18, 1953.

² Former Assistant Soil Scientist, Texas Research Foundation, now Assistant in Agronomy, Ala. Agr. Exp. Sta.; Head Soil Science Division, Texas Research Foundation; and former Assistant Soil Scientist, Texas Research Foundation, now Assistant Professor, University of Florida.

Received for publication November 27, 1953.