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Influence of Soil Organic Acids on Soluble Phosphorus in Miami and Wooster Silt Loam Soils¹

ABSTRACT

Having previously determined the qualitative make-up of the organic acids normally occurring in air-dry samples of several Ohio soils (9), samples of Miami silt loam soil treated with alfalfa and wheat straw plus nitrogen were subjected to incubation in laboratory and greenhouse experiments. The purpose of these experiments was to determine whether or not there was a correlation between phosphorus solubility and organic acid occurrence. Field samples from 2-year rotation plots were also periodically analyzed for soluble phosphorus and organic acids through a 10-week period. The organic acids separated from soils treated with either alfalfa or wheat straw plus nitrogen were apparently identical with those in the control samples.

Phosphate levels increased in the alfalfa-treated and control samples after 4 weeks of aerobic incubation as did isocitric and possibly tartaric acids. However, correlation between these acids and phosphorus solubility in the wheat straw plus nitrogen-treated samples was apparently lacking. A similar lack of correlation was apparent under anaerobic conditions. Further, it was found that the field samples contained no significant amounts of isocitric acid. The incorporation of sweet clover green manure appeared to have no influence either on the amounts or distribution of the several organic acids recovered from plots without green manure crop.

¹ Published with approval of the Director, Ohio Agr. Exp. Sta., as Journal Paper No. 57-54.

² Research Assistant and Professor in Agronomy, respectively, Ohio Agr. Exp. Sta., and Ohio State University. Senior author is now soil chemist at Northern Utilization Research Branch, U.S.D.A., and junior author is now Head, Department of Soils, University of Minnesota.

Received for publication October 27, 1954.