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Published in Soil Sci Soc Am J 19:406-410 (1955)
© 1955 Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Lateral Flow Above a Sloping Water Table1

James N. Luthin and Paul R. Day2

ABSTRACT

The lateral movement of water above a water table has been studied under steady-state conditions. The dependence of the capillary conductivity on soil moisture tension has been considered in making a theoretical analysis of the problem.

Lateral flow was induced in a sand-filled tank by maintaining a small difference in head between constant reservoirs located on either side of the sand-filled tank. The experimentally determined values of hydraulic head and quantity of flow were then compared to the theory which considered the variations of capillary conductivity with soil moisture tension. The hydraulic head determined at various points of the flow section in the steady state experiment agreed approximately with values calculated from theory. The flow calculated from knowledge of the capillary and hydraulic conductivities agreed with the measured flow.

The methods of numerical analysis which were used to develop the theory can be applied to other steady-state flow problems involving variable conductivities.

NOTES

1 Contribution from the University of California College of Agriculture. Presented before Div. I, Soil Science Society of America, St. Paul, Minn., Nov. 10, 1954.

2 Assistant Professor of Irrigation (Davis) and Associate Professor of Soil Physics, Department of Soils, (Berkeley) respectively. The authors wish to acknowledge the able assistance of Salim Macksoud in the performance of these experiments.

Received for publication October 30, 1954.




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