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Published in Soil Sci Soc Am J 20:246-252 (1956)
© 1956 Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Cotton Growth and Production as Affected by Moisture, Nitrogen, and Plant Spacing on the Yuma Mesa1, 2,

J. Hamilton, C. O. Stanberry and W. M. Wootton3

ABSTRACT

Acala 44 cotton was grown near Yuma, Ariz. on irrigated Superstition loamy sand having a steep productivity gradient from one end of the field to the other. Effects of soil moisture, N rate, and plant spacing, each at 3 levels in a factorial experiment, were determined for vegetative growth, fruiting, N uptake, yields, and ginning and fiber characteristics.

Yields were increased substantially by N, and significantly, but less so by moisture and spacing. The spacing effect was limited to the second of 2 pickings. Considering the 4 direct factors which determine cotton yields (total flowers, percent boll-set, boll size, and percent lint) fertilizer affected 2 and spacing 4 of these factors. The precision of the experiment did not permit a decision as to how moisture increased yields since none of the 4 factors were affected significantly.

Cotton growth and production were unsatisfactory where substantial cuts were made in leveling the field before planting. The range of yields among individual plots varied almost 800% with a maximum of 2.51 bales and a mean of 1.28 bales of lint per acre. In spite of the large productivity gradient and resultant variations in growth and yield, relative response to a given treatment was remarkably consistent.

NOTES

1 Joint contribution of the Western Section of Soil and Water Management, Soil and Water Conservation Research Branch, A.R.S., U.S.D.A., and the Arizona Agr. Exp. Sta. co-operating. Arizona Agr. Exp. Sta. Technical Paper 333. Presented before Div. IV, Soil Science Society of America, Dallas, Tex., Nov. 17, 1953.

2 Appreciation is expressed for the assistance of M. D. Bigler and L. Cooper in field supervision, to Mark Lowrey for the care of tensiometers, to N. R. Crawford for chemical analyses, and to C. W. Van Horn for helpful suggestions. To R. H. Peebles and B. M. Waddle of the U. S. Field Station, Sacaton, Ariz., the authors are indebted for extensive laboratory determinations of boll samples and for suggestions in interpreting results; also to R. H. Peebles for the method of presenting data in table 6.

3 Respectively, Horticulturist, Western Section of Soil and Water Management; Soil Scientist, Western Section of Soil and Water Management and Arizona Agr. Exp. Sta. co-operating; and formerly Assistant Agronomist, Arizona Agr. Exp. Sta.

Received for publication April 12, 1955.




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Copyright © 1956 by the Soil Science Society of America.