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Ascorbic Acid, Carotene, Riboflavin, and Thiamine Contents of Turnip Greens in Relation to Nitrogen Fertilization¹

ABSTRACT

Turnip plants were grown on 3 soils assembled in outdoor frames, using 3 levels of nitrogen fertilization, and comparing 2 nitrogen carriers. Relationships between nitrogen status and the contents of ascorbic acid, carotene, riboflavin, and thiamine were investigated. A strong response in yield was obtained from the application of nitrogen fertilizers.

For ascorbic acid the prevailing weather just prior to sampling was more closely related to the vitamin content than was nitrogen fertilization or nitrogen content. Treatments which produced the greatest amount of interplant shading were slightly inferior in ascorbic acid content.

Carotene, riboflavin, and thiamine content in leaf blades were highly correlated with nitrogen content. Carotene content was significantly higher with ammonium nitrate fertilizer than with sodium nitrate. Of the four vitamins tested, riboflavin showed the greatest decline in concentration with maturity.

In the treatments receiving repeated nitrogen sidedressings, thiamine content tended to remain high throughout the cropping period at about the same levels occurring in young plants.

¹ Contribution from the Department of Agronomy, North Carolina Agr. Exp. Sta. Published with the approval of the Director as paper No. 606 of the Journal Series and with permission of the executive committee of the Southern Regional Soil-Weather Project, S-5. Presented before Div. IV, Soil Science Society of America, St. Paul, Minn., Nov. 10, 1954.

² Formerly Assoc. Professor; formerly Research Asst. now Soil Scientist, U.S.D.A., A.R.S.; and formerly Research Assistant, now Chemist, Jos. Bancroft and Sons Inc. The authors acknowledge with thanks the riboflavin analyses by W. J. Peterson, nitrogen analyses by J. R. Piland, and statistical analysis by D. D. Mason.

Received for publication July 18, 1955.