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Experiments in Soil Genesis—The Role of Leaching¹

ABSTRACT

As a part of our study of the processes contributing to the formation of soils from glacial deposits we have examined the chemical and physical changes produced by organic acids and water-soluble materials found in leaves. Our laboratory procedure used columns of Miami B₂ soil through which various solutions were passed intermittently. These solutions flowed through the columns and were then collected at intervals and analyzed. Appreciable quantities of calcium, magnesium, iron, and manganese were mobilized in this way. In addition we found detectable amounts of fine silicate clays moving in suspension. Evidence for redeposition of iron compounds within the soil columns was found as well as the formation of "colloidal" films holding the originally discrete soil particles together. Colored bands which appeared in the columns were suggestive of soil horizons found in the field, particularly among the Podzolic soils.

¹ Contribution from the Earlham College Soil Research Team, supported by the Charles F. Kettering Foundation and Soil Survey Investigations, Soil Conservation Service. Paper presented before Div. V, Soil Science Society of America, Aug. 16, 1955, Davis, Calif.

² Head, Dept. of Geology and Soil Science, Earlham College, Richmond, Ind., and Principal Soil Scientist (WAE), Soil Survey, S.C.S., U.S.D.A.; Head, Dept. of Chemistry, Earlham; and Research Assistant, Earlham, respectively.

For many helpful suggestions we thank Guy D. Smith, John G. Cady, L. T. Alexander, and Sterling B. Hendricks, of the U.S.D.A.; and Charles C. Patterson, student assistant, who made many of the analyses. From time to time we have benefited by exchanging ideas with C. Bloomfield of Rothamsted.

Received for publication September 5, 1955. Accepted for publication June 22, 1956.

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