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A Soil-Column Study to Compare the Chemical Availability and Movement of Phosphates from Liquid and Dry Fertilizers¹

ABSTRACT

The chemical availability and movement of phosphates from liquid fertilizers and highly water-soluble dry fertilizers were compared using four widely different California soils. Comparisons of the chemically available phosphate and migration of the phosphates were made at various time intervals after fertilizer application. The method used in determining chemically available phosphate was chosen because it has been reported as one of the best methods for correlating chemically available phosphate with plant growth.

The availability of phosphate from liquid fertilizers was either equal to or greater than the phosphate availability from dry fertilizers having a highly water-soluble phosphate source. The movement of the phosphate from the liquid fertilizer was essentially the same as that obtained from the dry fertilizers. While it is true that the quantity of applied phosphate remaining on the soil surface was greater from the solid fertilizers than from the liquid fertilizer, the amount of surface phosphate was only a small fraction of the total applied phosphate.

¹ A contribution of the Research Dept., Inorganic Chemicals Div., Monsanto Chemical Co., Dayton, Ohio. This paper was presented in part before Sub-Div. IV-B, Soil Science Society of America, Aug. 17, 1955, at Davis, Calif.

Received for publication August 1, 1956. Accepted for publication March 2, 1957.