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Identification of Clay Minerals in the Surface Horizons of Four Kentucky Soils¹

ABSTRACT

Kentucky is a transitional area between two great soil groups, the Gray-Brown Podzolic and the Red-Yellow Podzolic. The surface horizons of four soils representing the two great soil groups and one transitional soil were studied. The soils were: Cookeville (Red-Yellow Podzolic), Loradale (Gray-Brown Podzolic), Armour (Gray-Brown Podzolic), and Pembroke (Red-Yellow Podzolic—Gray-Brown Podzolic transitional). Mechanical analyses showed that three of the four soils were silt loams, while Loradale was a silty clay loam. Mineralogical studies made of the clay fractions of these soils using X-ray diffraction spectrometer and differential thermal analysis methods showed that chlorite, quartz, and kaolinite were prominent minerals in the clay fraction of the Cookeville soil. Kaolinite, illite, quartz and an interstratified mixture were the prominent components in the clay fractions of the other three soils.

Contribution from the Agronomy Department, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, published with the permission of the Director of the Kentucky Agr. Exp. Sta. Appreciation is expressed to the National Science Foundation and the Tennessee Valley Authority for partial financial support of this study.

² Formerly Research Assistant, and Assistant to Dean and Director, respectively.

Received for publication September 14, 1956. Accepted for publication June 10, 1957.