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Prediction of Changes in the Compositions of the Dissolved and Exchangeable Cations in Soils upon Irrigation with High-Sodium Waters¹

ABSTRACT

A theory for describing the process of cation exchange during passage of a salt solution through an exchanger column has been successfully applied to a soil in the field. A fallow plot of soil protected from evaporation was irrigated with water having a sodium percentage of 92 and a total cation concentration of 30 me. per liter. Ceramic cups buried at 15-cm.-depth intervals down to 120 cm. were used periodically to sample the soil solution. Measured values of calcium plus magnesium and sodium in soil solution samples as related to depths of irrigation water applied were in good agreement with values calculated from the theory. The theory holds considerable promise for predicting the effects of irrigation waters upon the dissolved and exchangeable cation status of soils.

¹ Contribution from the U. S. Salinity Laboratory, Soil and Water Conservation Research Branch, A.R.S., U.S.D.A., Riverside, California in cooperation with the 17 Western States and The Territory of Hawaii.

² Agricultural Engineer, Chemist, and Soil Scientist, respectively.

Received for publication November 8, 1957. Accepted for publication December 6, 1957.