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Effect of Fertilization on Yields and Nutrient Content of Barley¹

ABSTRACT

The fertility status of the A_1p, AC, and C₁ horizons, and of mixtures of horizons A_1p and C₁, of a Gardena loam was evaluated in a controlled light-temperature plant-growth chamber. Barley growth was greatest on the A_1p horizon at all fertilizer levels. Applications of nitrogen fertilizer increased yields on all horizons, but phosphorus additions did not. When both N and P were added, yields were greater on all horizons than when either was added alone. Fertilization with minor elements increased yields on the AC horizon while potassium sulfate increased yields on the C₁ horizon. In mixtures of horizons A_1p and C₁, and at all N and P rates, yields increased as the percentage A_1p increased. Total nitrogen in plant tops grown on horizons AC and C₁ was similar, but less than that in plant tops grown on the A_1p horizon.

Total phosphorus absorbed was less for plants grown on the C₁ horizon than for plants grown on the A_1p horizon. In the presence of added nitrogen, amounts of total phosphorus absorbed from the AC horizon were similar to amounts absorbed from the C₁ horizon at the lower P rates, and from the A_1p horizon at the high P rate.

Yield increases observed on the nitrogen treatments, with increasing percentage of the A_1p horizon in the mixtures, were due in large part to the greater phosphorus availability of the A_1p horizon. There was a tendency for the addition of C₁ soil to decrease the availability of fertilizer phosphorus to plants.

¹ Contribution from the Agricultural Research Service, U.S. D.A. Presented before Div. IV, Soil Science Society of America, Cincinnati, Ohio, Nov. 15, 1956.

² Soil Scientists, Western Soil and Water Management Research Branch, S.W.C.R.D., A.R.S., U.S.D.A. Northern Great Plains Field Station, Mandan, N. Dakota.

³ The authors wish to acknowledge the assistance of G. H. Cannell in selecting the profile and of G. H. Cannell, J. E. McClelland, and Lloyd Shoesmith in classifying this profile. Joseph Alessi assisted in sampling. Thanks are due G. A. Reichman for assistance with certain of the chemical analyses, and J. S. Allen for operating the flame photometer.

Received for publication July 29, 1957. Accepted for publication October 9, 1957.