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Nitrogen Uptake by Ryegrass from Three Tagged Ammonium Fertilizers¹

ABSTRACT

A comparison of the utilization of ammonium nitrogen from NH₄OH, (NH₄)₂SO₄, and NH₄NO₃ in two California soils was made in greenhouse pot tests. These fertilizers were applied at the rate of 200 pounds N per acre in each two applications, with N¹⁵ used to label the ammonium source of N in the first application. Ryegrass was seeded after the initial fertilizer application and four cuttings of grass were analyzed for total N and N¹⁵. The second fertilizer application with untagged materials was made following the second cutting. After the fourth cutting, the soil was dried, sieved, and analyzed for total N and N¹⁵.

Greatest yield of ryegrass and highest recovery of N from the tagged source were found where (NH₄)₂SO₄ was applied. No real difference was observed in the percent recovery of N from NH₄OH and NH₄NO₃, but the yield of grass was somewhat higher with NH₄NO₃. Total N in the crop followed the same trend as the yield data. Considerable tagged nitrogen was immobilized soon after application as shown by relatively low crop recovery of added fertilizer in all but the (NH₄)₂SO₄-treated pots. Total recovery from the plant and soil varied from 83 to 97% of the tagged nitrogen applied. Exchange between inorganic and organic nitrogen was estimated in a laboratory incubation experiment.

¹ Contribution from the Department of Soils and Plant Nutrition, University of California, Davis. Presented before Div. III, Soil Science Society of America, Nov. 20, 1957, at Atlanta, Ga.

² Research Assistant and Associate Soil Microbiologist, respectively.

Received for publication December 20, 1957. Accepted for publication February 17, 1958.