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Fragipan Soils of Illinois: I. General Characterization and Field Relationships of Hosmer Silt Loam¹

ABSTRACT

Bisequal soils with fragipans are common in southern Illinois. The purpose of this introductory paper is to set the general framework for understanding the nature and occurrence of these soils through the description of the morphology, chemical and physical properties, and field relationships of Hosmer silt loam, a soil with moderate fragipan expression.

The bisequal nature and expression of the fragipan increase with decreasing loess thickness and with latitude from north to south. Maximal expression is in the low, moderately well-drained, topographic positions. It is suggested that these soils in Illinois are part of an interstate sequence extending southward into Mississippi, within the loess-derived soils of the Mississippi River Valley.

¹ Contribution from the Department of Agronomy, Illinois Agr. Exp. Sta., Urbana. Published with the approval of the Director of the Illinois Agr. Exp. Sta. Presented before Div. V, Soil Science Society of America, Atlanta, Ga., Nov. 20, 1957.

² Graduate Assistant, Assistant Professor, and Assistant Professor, respectively. Senior author now Soil Scientist, Soil Conservation Service, USDA, Beltsville, Md.

Received for publication April 11, 1958. Accepted for publication August 14, 1958.