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Published in Soil Sci Soc Am J 23:97-100 (1959)
© 1959 Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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The Electric Balance Technique for Measuring the Mass and Charge of Clay Particles1

Eugene R. Perrier and D. D. Evans2

ABSTRACT

The electric balance technique, as employed by R. A. Millikan in measuring the charge of an electron, was used to simultaneously measure the mass and charge of individual kaolinitic, air-dry clay particles. Also, it was possible with the same equipment to estimate the mass of the particles from the velocity of fall in air through the application of Stokes' law. A comparison of the two values is an evaluation of the error involved in using Stokes' law for kaolinitic clay particles.

The mass could be measured to three significant figures in the range of 10-12 g. by the electric balance technique, while to only two significant figures by the method involving Stokes' law. The calculated mass was from 0.0 to 80% higher by the former method than by the latter, which is an indication of the error from applying Stokes' law to irregularly shaped clay particles. The number of charges measured initially on the air-dry particles ranged from 14 to 369. The nature and source of these charges were not determined.

NOTES

1 Technical Paper No. 1093, Oregon Agr. Exp. Sta., Corvallis. Research done under regional project W-30.

2 Research Assistant and Associate Soil Scientist, respectively. Senior author is now a Laboratory Technician IV at the University of California, Davis.

Received for publication July 11, 1958. Accepted for publication August 1, 1958.






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