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Hypotheses Concerning Iron Chlorosis¹

ABSTRACT

Iron chlorosis was studied in two plant species grown on calcareous Quinlan, Tripp, and Millville soils. Two types of Fe chlorosis developed: (1) Iron deficiency accentuated by improper microelement balance appeared to be the causative factor controlling the development of Fe chlorosis in milo grown on Quinlan and Tripp soils. The Cu uptake by milo from all three soils and two NaDTPA chelate treatments was more than double that taken up by PI-54619-5-1 and Hawkeye soybeans. The Fe/Cu + Mn ratio was much lower in the soil extracts of Quinlan and Tripp than the Millville soil. (2) An abundance of available P and Ca appeared to be the controlling causative factors of Fe chlorosis in PI-54619-5-1 soybeans grown on the Millville soil. PI-54619-5-1 and Hawkeye soybeans differed in their susceptibility to this type of chlorosis. It was suggested that new chlorosis-resistant varieties through plant breeding, Fe chelates economically feasible for field application, controlled fertilizer, water, and cultural practices might all lend themselves to correcting Fe chlorosis in the field.

¹ Contribution from the Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, Soil and Water Conservation Research Division, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, Md. Presented at the Western Society of Soil Science, Logan Utah, June 17, 1958.

² Soil Scientists. The authors are indebted to Dr. J. F. Davis and R. Gillispie, Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, for the organic soil; Dr. H. B. Peterson, Utah State Univ., Logan, for the Millville soil; Mr. L. F. Locke, USDA Southern Great Plains Exp. Sta., for the Quinlan soil; and C. Carlson, Garden City, Kansas, for the Tripp soil; to H. W. Johnson for the soybean seed and L. F. Locke for the milo seed used in the chlorosis experiments. We wish to thank Dr. A. W. Specht, J. W. Resnicky, and J. P. Resnicky for making the spectrochemical analyses reported in this paper.

Received for publication August 14, 1958. Accepted for publication October 23, 1958.