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A Study of Extractable Soil Cobalt in Soils of the Southeastern United States¹

ABSTRACT

The relationship between 2.5% acetic acid-dithizone extractable soil cobalt and the amount of cobalt in black gum leaves, a cobalt indicator, was investigated for 71 widely distributed soils of the southeastern United States. The soil samples were from both good areas and areas where cobalt deficiency in ruminants would be expected on the basis of previous analyses. The extractable cobalt values appeared to separate the Ground-Water Podzols, the Humic-Gleys and the Low Humic-Gleys from the better drained Regosols and Red-Yellow Podzolic soils studied. At comparable cobalt concentrations in the black gum, the extracted cobalt was less from the imperfectly to poorly drained soils than from the well-drained soils. For each of the two broad groups of soils, a significant correlation was obtained between extractable soil cobalt for the A₁ horizon and the cobalt concentration in the black gum. Because of the variability in horizon thickness among the different soils, the cobalt values were calculated for the 0- to 6- and 0- to 12-inch depths. The correlation between these values and plant cobalt was also good. The acetic acid-dithizone extractable cobalt appears useful in indicating areas of potentially low soil cobalt in the Southeast where deficiency in cattle or sheep might be a problem.

¹ Agronomy Paper No. 485, New York State College of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. This work was conducted in cooperation with the U. S. Plant, Soil and Nutrition Laboratory and the Soil Conservation Service, Ithaca, N. Y. Presented before Div. II, Soil Science Society of America, Nov. 19, 1959, at Cincinnati, Ohio.

² Assistant Soil Scientist, on sabbatical leave from Oregon State College, Corvallis, and Research Soil Scientist, Soil Survey Investigations, SCS, USDA, respectively.

Received for publication September 22, 1959. Accepted for publication October 30, 1959.