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The Influence of Phosphorus Fertilization and Moisture on Growth and Nutrient Absorption by Spring Wheat: II. Soil and Fertilizer P Uptake in Plants¹

ABSTRACT

The availability and uptake of soil and fertilizer P was studied with dryland spring wheat under four moisture regimes in a field experiment in eastern Montana. The Chestnut soil used was moderately low in available P (6.2 ppm. NaHCO₃-soluble P per acre).

Fertilization with P, higher soil moisture supplies at seeding time, and additional precipitation during the growing season, all increased total P uptake by spring wheat at all stages of plant growth. Interactions between any of these three factors seldom affected total P uptake at any stage of growth.

Increasing the supply of soil moisture at seeding or growing-season precipitation increased plant uptake of soil P. However, P fertilization reduced soil P uptake. Moisture supplies at seeding and growing-season precipitation did not affect uptake of fertilizer P, except at the tillering stage of growth. The percent of total P in plant material derived from fertilizer was generally lowest in treatments receiving the most moisture, either as stored soil moisture or growing-season precipitation. NaHCO₃-extractable P was not influenced appreciably by moisture conditions.

¹ Contribution from Soil and Water Conservation Research Division, ARS, USDA, Montana Agr. Exp. Sta., Bozeman, cooperating. Montana Agr. Exp. Sta. Journal Series Paper 479. Presented before Div. IV, Soil Science Society of America. Cincinnati, Ohio, Nov. 19, 1959.

² Soil Scientist, Western Soil and Water Management Research Branch, SWCRD, ARS, USDA, Sidney, Mont.; Mandan, N. Dak.; and Mandan, N. Dak., respectively.

Received for publication August 8, 1960. Accepted for publication November 11, 1960.