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Published in Soil Sci Soc Am J 25:353-357 (1961)
© 1961 Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Diffusion of Ions in Bentonite and Vermiculite1

T. M. Lai and M. M. Mortland2

ABSTRACT

The diffusion of five ions into three different homoionic bentonite gels obeyed Fick's law with the special boundary conditions for diffusion into solids. The diffusion coefficients of the ions followed the sequence SO4 > Na > Rb > Ca > Cs for all three homoionic bentonite gels. The effect of exchangeable cation on the diffusion coefficient of the diffusing ion in bentonite gels followed the sequence K > Na > Li. The effect of exchangeable cation on the activation energy and distance between successive absorption sites of the diffusing cation followed the sequence Li > Na > K. Cs ion diffused into Csvermiculite but not into Na-vermiculite. SO4= ion mobility was higher at low clay concentrations than in pure water. As clay concentration increased, SO4= ion diffusion rate decreased more rapidly than that of exchangeable Na+ ion. The factors affecting diffusion of ions in clay gels are discussed.

NOTES

1 Contribution from the Department of Soil Science, Michigan Agr. Exp. Sta., East Lansing, and authorized for publication by the Director as Journal Article No. 2725.

The senior author wishes to express his sincere appreciation for the appointment support by the International Cooperation Administration under the Visiting Research Scientist's Program administered by the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

2 Research Associate (Visiting Scientist sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences) and Associate Professor of Soil Science, respectively.

Received for publication December 19, 1960. Accepted for publication March 14, 1961.






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