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Molybdenum Reactions With Soils and the Hydrous Oxides of Iron, Aluminum, and Titanium¹

ABSTRACT

The absorption reactions of molybdate with soils and soil-forming materials can be predicted from the Freundlich equation modified to include a term for pH. The modified equation is applicable over a wide range of soil acidites and Mo concentrations within the region of physiological importance for plant nutrition, and for the higher Mo levels influencing quality of plant materials as forage.

Molybdate sorption reactions with the hydrous oxides of Fe, Al, Ti, and of acid soils all show analagous patterns. The sorption of molybdate by Fe₂O₃ · xH₂O is accompanied by a stoichiometric release of two hydroxyl ions and one molecule of water. These conditions are satisfied by equations for the reaction of Na₂MoO₄ with Fe(OH)₃ in an acid system forming Fe₂(MoO₄)₃, or by chemisorption of molybdate on complex iron-water-hydroxyl solid phase materials.

The importance of these factors in predicting plant absorption is discussed.

¹ These investigations were undertaken at the Kearney Foundation of Soil Science, University of California, Berkeley, and were supported in part by a grant from the Climax Molybdenum Company. Presented before the Western Society of Soil Science, June 15, 1960, at Eugene, Ore.

² Associate Professor of Soils, Washington State University, Pullman; Research Chemist, California Portland Cement Company, Colton; and Professor of Soil Science, University of California, Davis-Berkeley, respectively.

Received for publication January 30, 1961. Accepted for publication June 21, 1961.