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Chemical Extraction of Potassium from Soils and Micaceous Minerals With Solutions Containing Sodium Tetraphenylboron: III. Illite¹

ABSTRACT

Grundite-illite was treated with NaBPh₄ solutions at 25° C. for various periods of time to determine the amount of K that can be removed, the rate of K removal and the effect of this treatment on the properties of the mineral.

Only the first 30 me. K per 100 g. were removed from <20µ illite at a rate that was comparable to the 1.6 mg. K per 100 g. per minute observed with <50µ biotite. The rest of the K was removed at a progressively slower rate but it was possible to remove 74 me. per 100 g. (68% of the total) by extracting the illite for 63 days. During this period the amount of K removed was linearly related to the logarithm of the contact time.

The amount of NH₄ adsorbed and fixed by moist NH₄-saturated <2µ illite was increased by 62.4 me. and 35.2 me. per 100 g., respectively, when 69.1 me. K per 100 g. were removed. When the NH₄-degraded illite was oven dried even more NH₄ was fixed. There was no evidence of a change in the charge density of the illite when this much K was removed, but the lattice of the Na-degraded illite was largely expanded to 14 Å. by glycerol.

¹ Journal Paper No. J-4040 of the Iowa Agri. and Home Econ. Exp. Sta., Ames. Project No. 1234. Presented before Div. II. Soil Science Society of America, Cincinnati, Ohio, Nov. 17, 1959.

² Professor and Research Associate in Soils, respectively.

Received for publication February 16, 1961. Accepted for publication March 13, 1961.