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Soil Development in Relation to Loessial Deposition in Southeastern Minnesota¹

ABSTRACT

The soils of southeastern Minnesota and adjacent areas are found to be developed mainly on loessial parent material of Wisconsin age. The origin, distribution, and some properties of the loess were studied. Loess deposition in southeastern Minnesota was found to have a general relationship to distribution of the major river valleys of the area. Measurements of loess thickness, determination of particle size analysis, and of calcium carbonate distribution provided evidence for this conclusion.

The characteristics of two loess-derived profiles developed under forest cover were studied. The profiles were selected to represent a range in degree of horizon development. The differences in profile development appear to be largely the result of weathering time.

¹ Paper No. 4566 of the Scientific Journal Series, Minnesota Agr. Exp. Sta., University of Minnesota, St. Paul. Presented before Div. V, Soil Science Society of America, at Cincinnati, Ohio. Nov. 16, 1959.

² Former Graduate Student, now Assistant Professor of Soils and Geology, Wisconsin State College at River Falls, Wis., and Assistant Professor, University of Minnesota, respectively. The authors acknowledge with thanks the cooperation of the Soil Conservation Service, USDA, in this study.

Received for publication May 15, 1961. Accepted for publication June 11, 1962.