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Effects of Rainfall Energy on the Permeability of Soils^1,3,

ABSTRACT

The effects of simulated rainfall on the air and water permeabilities of sand and several disturbed soil samples were investigated. Various rainfall intensities were provided by a rainfall simulator. Soil was packed in a cylindrical infiltrometer, to which was connected eight manometers. Permeability of the soil to water was measured during and after the application of rainfall.

It was found that a rainfall of 30 minutes duration at an intensity of 2.8 inches per hour caused maximum change in water permeability of the soils. Water permeability of quartz sand was not changed by rainfall. Water permeability of soils was changed; (a) only in top 1.5 cm. by 1.6 inches per hour rainfall, (b) greatly in top 1.5 cm. and somewhat less in second 1.5 cm. layer by 2.8 and 4.0 inches per hour rainfall. In saturated soil columns, water permeability was not governed entirely by the permeability of the least permeable layer. The thickness of the dispersed and compacted soil layer appeared to be about 1 mm. Below it a less compacted layer, about 3 cm. deep, resulted.

¹ Journal Paper No. 1747 Purdue University Agr. Exp. Sta., Lafayette, Ind. Contribution from the Department of Agronomy in cooperation with the Agricultural Research Service, USDA under the Research and Marketing Act Contract No. 12-14-100-1031 (41) and the North Central Regional Research Committee (NC-40).

³ The authors gratefully acknowledge the helpful assistance of Dale Swartzendruber, Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Purdue University.

² Graduate Research Assistant and Associate Professor of Agronomy, respectively, Purdue University.