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Published in Soil Sci Soc Am J 26:491-496 (1962)
© 1962 Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Soils of Indian Mounds in Northeastern Iowa as Benchmarks for Studies of Soil Genesis1

R. B. Parsons, W. H. Scholtes and F. F. Riecken2

ABSTRACT

A study was made to evaluate the degree of horizon development in seven prehistoric Indian mounds of known age in northeastern Iowa. Comparisons were made between the data obtained for the Indian mound soil profiles and two virgin, loess-derived Fayette profiles from the landscape near the mounds. The parent materials for the mound soils were the leached upper horizons of the soils under and immediately adjacent to the mounds.

Morphologically, the mound profiles exhibited pronounced A1 horizons, weak color and structural A2 horizons, and incipient B horizons. Differences in profile development among the mounds were attributed to differences in mound age. The development of soil profiles in the mounds has been the most pronounced during the first 1,000 years. The mounds have reached their greatest present horizon expression in a period of no more than 2,500 years, and are similar in many respects to the Fayette soils which have developed over a period of no more than 14,000 years.

NOTES

1 Journal Paper No. J-4075 of the Iowa Agri. and Home Econ. Exp. Sta., Ames. Project No. 1329. Presented before Div. V, Soil Science Society of America, Nov. 28, 1962, at St. Louis, Mo.

2 Research Associate, Professor of Soils, and Professor of Soils, respectively, Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames. The senior author is now Soil Scientist, SCS, USDA, Dept. of Soils, Oregon State Univ., Corvallis.

Received for publication June 3, 1961. Accepted for publication January 15, 1962.






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