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Residual Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer in an Irrigated Rotation in the Southwest¹

ABSTRACT

Response to phosphorus fertilizer on a phosphorus-deficient Reddish-Brown soil was measured through 8 years. Yields, percent P in plant, and NaHCO₃-extractable soil P were followed through 2 cycles of alfalfa and 2 intervening crops of sorghum. Increased yields were obtained until P equal to the application was removed in harvested crops. Alfalfa yields were closely correlated with both percent P in hay and NaHCO₃-extractable soil P during the first 4 years. High yields were maintained in the second cycle of the rotation, but percent P in hay and NaHCO₃-extractable soil P were at levels associated with low yields during the first cycle. Sorghum following alfalfa was not affected by N fertilizer. Second-year sorghum benefited from N only where there was ample P.

¹ Contribution from the Soil and Water Conservation Research Division, ARS, USDA, in cooperation with the New Mexico Agr. Exp. Sta., University Park. Submitted as Journal Paper No. 165 of the New Mexico Agr. Exp. Sta. series.

² Soil Scientist, ARS, USDA, University Park, N. Mex. The author acknowledges the Assistance and cooperation of D. H. Williams, Charles G. Painter, Ralph E. Campbell, and James A. Burr for their part in the field phases of this experiment, and of those who assisted with the soil and plant analysis.

Received for publication March 19, 1962. Accepted for publication June 15, 1962.