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Ammonium and Chloride Influences on Growth Characteristics of Flue-Cured Tobacco¹

ABSTRACT

Studies under greenhouse conditions indicate that NH₄ was a major causal factor in the development of leaf malformations similar to those of tobacco grown on fumigated soils and fertilized with NH₄-N. Chloride interacted with the form of N in its effect on leaf configuration, tending to increase the extent of abnormality when NH₄ was supplied but having little or no influence when NO₃ was supplied.

Utilizing a system in which NH₄, NO₃, and Cl were supplied from resins, NH₄, relative to NO₃, was found to decrease the percentage Ca, K, and Mg and to increase the accumulation of NH₄ in the tissue. Chloride resulted in decreased NO₃, P, and S accumulation in the leaf and interfered with the incorporation of soluble N into insoluble N compounds.

Growth and accumulation of K, Ca, Mg, P, and N by plants supplied with NH₄ during a 21-day period was < 30% of that of NO₃-supplied plants. A study on the influence of NH₄ as the source of N relative to K deficiency indicated that less growth was obtained from a complete solution in which N was supplied as NH₄ than from one with K omitted but containing NO₃-N.

¹ Contribution from the Department of Soils, North Carolina Agr. Exp. Sta., Raleigh. Published with the approval of the Director as paper No. 1477 of the Journal Series.

² Formerly Graduate Assistant and Associate Professor, respectively.

Received for publication August 8, 1962. Accepted for publication January 9, 1963.