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Absorption of Phosphorus by Cotton from Fertilizers of Different Phosphorus Water Solubilities as Related to Stage of Plant Growth at the Time of Application^1,2,

ABSTRACT

The absorption of P by cotton, an indeterminate type plant, from two radioactive nitric phosphate fertilizers of about 17 and 44% water-soluble P and aqueous solution of H₃PO₄ fortified with NH₄NO₃ to give an N/P ratio equal to the two 20-20-0 nitric phosphates was studied in a field experiment at rates of 0, 20, and 60 pounds P per acre on a calcareous soil. Applications of the fertilizers were drilled 6 inches deep and 6 inches to the side of the row at three different stages of plant growth to relate absorption of P with different growth stages. The data indicate that more P was derived from the fertilizer at the 60-pound rate than the 20-pound rate of application. At least as much or more P was absorbed from the nitric phosphates of 17 and 44% water-soluble P as from the 100% water-soluble P of H₃PO₄ applied in aqueous solution when they were applied in April and June. However, when the same materials were applied on July 19, less P was absorbed from the nitric phosphates than the wholly soluble aqueous H₃PO₄ fertilizer. The relative effectiveness of the nitric phosphates was greatest for the early application and decreased with the subsequent later applications.

¹ Contribution from the Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soils, University of Arizona Exp. Sta., Tucson; published with the approval of the Director. Technical Paper No. 755. Presented before Div. IV, Soil Science Society of Arizona, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y., Aug. 1962.

² We wish to thank M. H. McVickar of California Chemical Corporation for the financial support and encouragement for making this research possible and M. E. Jefferson, Radiological Safety Officer, and G. A. Wieczarek, Jr., Chemist, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, Md., for preparing the radioactive nitric-phosphate fertilizers.

³ Professor and Head of Department, Professor and Soil Scientist, Assistant in Agricultural Chemistry, and Assistant Agricultural Chemist, Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soils, University of Arizona, Tucson.

Received for publication September 18, 1962. Accepted for publication November 29, 1962.