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Differential Effects of Phosphorus Fertility on Soybean Varieties¹

ABSTRACT

Chief and Lincoln soybeans, previously shown to be tolerant and intolerant, respectively, to very high P levels were grown in the greenhouse in soil admixed with ordinary superphosphate at rates varying from 0 to 4,400 pounds of P per acre. The varieties were similar in P response, dry weight, and mineral composition to around 870 pounds per acre of added P. Higher levels of added P were better tolerated by Chief than by Lincoln. At 2,620 pounds or more P per acre, marginal browning of the leaves, chlorosis, leaf drop, and severe stunting occurred in the Lincoln variety. In the Chief variety, stunting occurred only at much higher levels of P and the other toxicity symptoms never developed. Number of nodules, but neither size nor appearance, was reduced more on the Lincoln variety than on the Chief at intermediate P levels. At highest levels of P, no nodules were found on either variety. In mineral composition, Lincoln increased more than Chief in percent P and K as the P additions increased. Percent P and percent Si showed a reciprocal relationship in both varieties. No striking differences between varieties were observed in the contents of Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg, and B.

¹ Contribution from the Department of Agronomy, University of Illinois, Urbana. Published with the approval of the Director of the Illinois Agr. Exp. Sta. This research is from the doctorate thesis submitted by the senior author and was partially supported by a grant-in-aid from the U. S. Industrial Chemical Co. and a fund provided cooperatively by The National Plant Food Institute, The National Soybean Processors Association, and some individual plant food companies. Presented before Div. IV, Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Aug. 1962, at Ithaca, N. Y.

² Former Graduate Assistant, University of Illinois, now in Soils Research Section, Canada Exp. Farm, Agassiz, B. C., and Professor of Soil Fertility, University of Illinois, respectively.

Received for publication June 6, 1963. Accepted for publication November 4, 1963.