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Availability of P from Superphosphate to Spring Wheat as Affected by Growth Stage and Surface Soil Moisture¹

ABSTRACT

The influence of periodic wetting of a dry surface soil on fertilizer P uptake at four growth stages was studied in the greenhouse using P³².

Wheat plants did not absorb fertilizer P from a dry soil. At all stages of growth there was a lag in fertilizer Pu ptake after watering and the length of lag increased with age of plant after the flag leaf stage. Only small amounts of fertilizer P were found in plants grown on soil that had been wet less than 80 hours. This suggests that showers and weather conditions which do not allow the fertilizer zone to remain wet for 3 to 4 days contribute little to fertilizer P uptake by wheat. Most rapid rate of fertilizer P uptake occurred when fertilizer and water were added at the flag leaf and 30% headed stages of plant growth, but when added at the completely head stage little fertilizer P was absorbed.

¹ Contribution from the Soil and Water Conservation Research Division, ARS, USDA, and the Montana Agr. Exp. Sta. Approved by the Experiment Station Director for publication as Journal Series No. 583. Presented before Div. IV, Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Cornell University, August 23, 1962.

² Soil Scientist, USDA; Associate Professor of Soils, Montana State College; and Research Soil Scientist, USDA; Bozeman, Mont., respectively. The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of B. B. Murray, Radiological Safety Officer, Montana State College, in conducting this experiment.

Received for publication August 14, 1963. Accepted for publication November 7, 1963.