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Mineralogical Changes Associated with Ammonium and Potassium Fixation in Soil Clays

ABSTRACT

Ammonium and potassium fixation by the 2 to 0.2µ fraction of 14 surface soils, mainly from Southeastern United States, was related to both the decrease in intensity (I) of the 14A X-ray diffraction peak and its shifting (d) toward 10A.

A statistical study of the relationship of X-ray diffraction characteristics with K and NH₄ fixation showed that in the case of NH₄ fixation, 82% of the variation in fixation could be attributed the two factors, I and d. The determination of K fixation apparently was confounded by release of native K.

The relationship of NH₄ and K fixation to interstratification and interlayering is discussed.

Fixation on a unit weight basis increased with decrease in particle size, but, because of its abundance as well as high fixing ability, the 2 to 0.2µ fraction was generally the most important.

¹ Professor and Assistant Professor of Agronomy, Virginia Agr. Exp. Sta., Blacksburg. The study was made in cooperation with the Division of Agricultural Development, TVA.

Received for publication August 11, 1964. Accepted for publication September 9, 1964.