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Nature of Soil Parent Materials in Ewa-Waipahu Area, Oahu, Hawaii¹

ABSTRACT

Soil parent materials in the Ewa-Waipahu area, Oahu, Hawaii, occur in three landscape groups. Wahiawa Basin has more acid materials with high iron and manganese oxide content dominated by kaolinitic clay. Ewa coastal plain sediments are alkaline with lower oxide amounts but appreciable calcium carbonate and are dominated by 2:1 lattice clay. Between these two areas is the Kaloi surface with associated sediments whose properties are intermediate in composition.

Materials of the groups differ in origin and age. Wahiawa Basin materials are pre mid-Pleistocene products of in situ weathering of basalt or locally derived basaltic detritus. Ewa coastal plain sediments of mid-Pleistocene age are products of terrestrially derived detritus from basaltic terrain that was deposited in a near shore marine environment. Kaloi sediments are late Pleistocene detritus both derived and deposited terrestrially. Soils formed in the materials inherit some of the geomorphically evolved parent material differences.

¹ Contribution in Soil-Geomorphology Studies, Soil Survey Investigations, SCS, USDA, Washington, D.C. Presented before Div. S-5, Soil Science Society of America meeting, Nov. 19, 1963, Denver, Colo.

² Geologist and Soil Scientists, SCS, USDA.

Received for publication May 13, 1964. Accepted for publication January 29, 1965.