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Description of Soil Characteristics for Partially Saturated Flow¹

ABSTRACT

Two empirical equations are presented for describing relative permeability as a function of capillary pressure. Of the two, Gardner's equation appears to fit the experimental data better and is easier to use because of its simple form. An equation is also presented for representing saturation as a function of capillary pressure. This equation is differentiable.

The equations are used to calculate relative permeability and diffusivity as functions of saturation. The main utility of the equations is in the ease of handling input data and programming for numerical solutions, using digital computers. The equations may also prove useful in some theoretical studies where a wide range of possible soils may be described by changing a small number of parameters.

¹ Hanford Laboratories, General Electric Company, Richland, Wash. Work performed under Contract no. AT(45-1)-1350 for the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. Presented at a meeting of Div. S1, Soil Science Society of America, Kansas City, Mo. Nov. 16–19, 1964.

² Formerly Engineer, now Senior Research Engineer, Battelle Memorial Inst., Pacific NW Lab., Richland, Wash.

Received for publication December 10, 1964. Accepted for publication February 23, 1965.