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Ion Diffusion: III. The Effect of Soil Compaction on Self Diffusion of Rubidium-86 and Strontium-89¹

ABSTRACT

Self diffusion coefficients of Rb⁸⁰ and Sr⁸⁹ diffusing in Dundee silt loam soil and of Sr⁸⁰ diffusing in Sharkey clay soil were measured at several soil bulk densities. The relationship between soil bulk density and self diffusion coefficients was found to be curvilinear. The soils were prepared as homoionic systems and the exchange complex was saturated with one symmetry value of either Rb or Sr and washed free of salts. Maximum self diffusion coefficients occurred at soil bulk densities of 1.58 and 1.31 g/cc for Sr⁸⁹ self diffusing in Dundee silt loam and Sharkey clay, respectively, and a bulk density of 1.30 g/cc for Rb⁸⁰ self diffusing in Dundee silt loam. The ratio of the maximum to the minimum self diffusion coefficients were 1.40, 1.25, and 1.17 for Sr⁸⁹ and Rb⁸⁰ diffusing in Dundee silt loam and Sr⁸⁹ diffusing in Sharkey clay, respectively. The magnitude of self diffusion coefficients measured in soil which was compacted, saturated with water, and then drained to a given volumetric water content were approximately one-half those determined in soil which at the time of compaction contained the same volumetric water content and which received no further treatment prior to the determination of the self diffusion coefficients.

¹ Contribution from the Department of Agronomy, Arkansas Agr. Exp. Sta., Fayetteville. Presented before a joint meeting of Div. S-1 and S-2, Soil Science Society of America, Nov. 18, 1964 at Kansas City, Mo.

² Associate Professor and Professor of Agronomy, respectively.

Received for publication March 25, 1965. Accepted for publication June 8, 1965.