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Retention of Acetate by Montmorillonite¹

ABSTRACT

Acetate retention was measured by treating suspensions of montmorillonite with C¹⁴-labeled acetate solutions, removing excess acetate by washing with methanol, and determining the acetate remaining by C¹⁴ assay of the clay. The amount of acetate retained by montmorillonite was found to be dependent upon the concentration of salt used, pH of the system, and concentrations of competitive anions.

Maximum acetate retention (0.05 meq acetate/g clay) occurred over the pH range of 2 to approximately 6. Increases in pH above 6 resulted in marked reductions in acetate retention. Under uniform conditions of pH ( 5.5), concentrations of approximately 2N acetate salts were required to attain maximum retention, irrespective of salt source. Release studies showed OH^-, F^-, and H₂PO₄^- to be effective in removing sorbed acetate. On the other hand, SO₄^2- was only partially effective while NO₃^- and Cl^- were ineffective in releasing acetate.

¹ Paper No. 1644. University of California, Citrus Research Center and Agr. Exp. Sta., Riverside. Presented before Div. S-2, Soil Science Society of America, Nov. 15–19, 1964, at Kansas City, Mo.

² Associate Professor of Soil Science, Graduate Student, and Assistant Professor of Soil Science, respectively.

Received for publication March 29, 1965. Accepted for publication June 8, 1965.