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Characteristics and Genesis of a Gravelly Brunizemic Regosol¹

ABSTRACT

A Rodman gravelly, cobbly sandy loam profile was sampled in Wisconsin in a prairie "oak opening" at the crest of an eskerkame ridge of Woodfordian (Cary) age largely composed of gravel and cobbles of dolomitic limestone. Laboratory analyses reveal a shallow profile resembling a Brunizem soil with respect to distribution of organic matter. Distributions of pedogenic calcium carbonate and clay somewhat resemble those in the upper horizons of calcareous parent materials of some soil profiles in the North Central Region of the USA. The slight concentration of silt and clay near the surface of the Rodman soil may be largely aeolian in origin. The weathering mean of this shallow soil profile is 5.6 on the basis of the entire clay and 7.8 on the basis of noncarbonate clay. A depth function is suggested by the slight concentration of weathered ferromagnesian sand particles near the surface. Distribution and character of the carbonate crusts on the under surfaces of coarse particles exhibit a pronounced depth function by volume but not with respect to content of noncarbonate silt and clay.

¹ Contribution from the Department of Soils and the Soil Survey Division, University of Wisconsin, Madison. Published with the approval of the Director of the Wisconsin Agr. Exp. Sta. and the Director of the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey. This work was supported in part by Bombay State, India, and by the National Science Foundation.

² Teaching Assistant in Soils, University of Wisconsin, and Professor of Soils in charge of the Soil Survey Division, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, University of Wisconsin, respectively. S. T. Gaikawad is now an officer, All India Soil and Land Use Survey, Delhi.

Received for publication October 8, 1964. Accepted for publication July 23, 1965.