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Comparison of Fragipan and Bisequal Profiles of the Gulf Coastal Plain with Soils of Southern Loess Belt¹

ABSTRACT

Bisequal profiles with fragipans have been studied in the Southern Loess Belt by several research workers. The purpose of this paper is to compare morphological, physical and chemical properties of silty soils that developed in the Gulf Coastal Plain with features of similar soils in the Loess Belt. Bisequal profiles with fragipans are common in the Coastal Plain which are similar in morphology to bisequal soils that are found in the Southern Loess Belt. The bisequal expression varies with drainage with the maximum development in somewhat poorly drained profiles. The leached A'2 horizon above the firm fragipan attains a thickness of 3 or 4 inches in some soils, and seems to grow upward into the B2 horizon and downward by tongues and cleavage streaks into the fragipan. It appears to be the most highly weathered horizon in the profile and clay particles migrate from this zone into the fragipan by way of the gray streaks. As this process continues a cambic layer forms above the A'2 horizon in the moderately well and somewhat poorly drained profiles. The genesis of these soils in the Gulf Coastal Plain appears to be similar to the genesis of bisequal profiles of the Loess Belt. Knowledge of the genesis and nature of the bisequal profiles will aid in classifying these soils in the new system of classification.

¹ Contribution from the Department of Agronomy, Mississippi Agr. Exp. Sta., and Soil Conservation Service, USDA. Published with the approval of the Director of Mississippi Agr. Exp. Sta., State Coll., Miss. Presented before Div. S-5, Soil Sci. Soc. Amer., Kansas City, Mo., Nov. 18, 1964.

² Professor of Soils and Soil Scientist, respectively.

Received for publication November 1, 1965. Accepted for publication April 4, 1966.