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Diffusion of Salts in Clay-Water Systems¹

ABSTRACT

Rates of salt diffusion through homoionic clay plugs were determined after the plugs had been brought to steady state between solutions of the chloride of the cation with which the clay was saturated. Salt and water contents were measured across the clay plugs and were used with the diffusion rates to calculate porous system diffusion coefficients.

Diffusion coefficients increased as an exponential function of water content, but for practical purposes, were independent of the salt concentration.

Diffusion potentials were measured and calculated. They indicate that the adsorbed cations contribute slightly to the movement of the salt cations.

¹ Contribution from Northern Plains Branch, Soil and Water Conservation Research Division, ARS, USDA, and the Colorado Agr. Exp. Sta., Ft. Collins. Scientific Journal Series 1083. Portions of this work were supported by the National Science Foundation and Regional Research Project W-68.

² Research Soil Scientist, USDA, and Agronomist (Soils), Colorado State University, Fort Collins, and Research Officer, Canada Agriculture Research Station, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada, formerly Graduate Research Assistant, Colorado State University, respectively.

Received for publication January 7, 1966. Accepted for publication June 10, 1966.