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Hydration Status of Adsorbed Cations

ABSTRACT

Energies with which cations adsorb water molecules are calulated and discussed. An amendment to the diffuse layer theory is developed which takes into consideration the hydration energy of the ions, position of the negative charge in the clay, and other steric factors. Calculations using this amended theory predict differences in the adsorption characteristics of Li⁺, Na,⁺ and K⁺ which appear to be in general agreement with experimental observations.

Calculations for the interacting diffuse layer case indicate that the fraction of the adsorbed ions residing in the first molecular layer of water (Stern Layer) is essentially independent of distance between the platelets when this distance is greater than 2.5A. Pushing the platelets closer together results in a arger portion of the adsorbed ions in the Stern Layer.

The various assumptions and estimates involved in the development of the theory and the calculations are discussed.

² Visiting Assistant Professor (Agronomy) Colorado State University, and Soil Scientist, USDA and Professor (Agronomy), Colorado State University, Ft. Collins. The senior author is now at the Negev Institute for Arid Zone Research, Beersheva, Israel.

Received for publication December 20, 1965. Accepted for publication July 26, 1966.