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Ion Distribution, Moisture Content and Density of Soil Columns Measured with Gamma Radiation¹

ABSTRACT

Anion distribution in soil columns was measured nondestructively by using a radioactive tracer, ⁶⁰Co (CN)₆^3-. The breakthrough curves of Cl^- and ⁶⁰Co (CN)₆^3- were very similar, indicating the possible use of the ⁶⁰Co complex ion as a qualitative model for anion movement. The external measurement of gamma activity was compared to measurements of 1:1 water extracts of the sectioned columns. The gamma activity of the tracer was measured along uniformly packed soil columns through a few drying and wetting cycles. Drying was done with a stream of warmed air that passed around and through the perforated soil columns. Moisture content and density of the soil in the columns were measured simultaneously by the gamma attenuation method. An equation, the parameters of which were determined empirically, giving density as a linear function of moisture content, may be introduced into the attenuation equation to correct for the variation of density with moisture content.

¹ Contribution from Volcani Inst. of Agr. Res., Rehovot, Israel.

Received for publication September 8, 1966. Accepted for publication November 30, 1966.