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Effect of Low Concentrations of Aluminum on Growth and Water and Nutrient Uptake by Cotton Roots¹

ABSTRACT

Using a split root technique, the roots of 8-day-old cotton seedlings (Gossypium hirsutum ‘Empire’) were exposed to concentrations of 0, 0.15, 0.225, and 0.30 ppm Al for periods varying from to 12 hours. Reductions in root weight and Ca uptake were the only effects observed after roots were exposed to 0.30 ppm Al for 1 hour. After longer exposures the uptake of water, Ca, Mg, K, P, and NO₃ from Hoagland's solution was reduced. The curve of relative uptake vs. Al concentration was about the same in each case. The inhibition of Ca uptake was avoided by increasing the Ca concentration to 15 mM. Increasing the osmotic pressure did not accentuate the effect of Al on water uptake. The inhibition of all types of uptake indicates that the permeability of the plasmalemma is reduced. This might be due to interference in a function of Ca.

Contribution from SWC, ARS, USDA, and the Department of Agronomy and Soils, Alabama Agr. Exp. Sta., Auburn University, Auburn, Ala. Part of a dissertation submitted by the senior author in partial fulfillment of requirements for the Ph.D. degree. Presented before Div. S-4, Soil Science Society of America, Nov. 5–10, 1967, Washington, D.C.

² Research Soil Scientists, USDA, Phoenix, Ariz., and Auburn, Ala. respectively. Senior author was formerly NASA Fellow, Auburn University.

Received for publication July 12, 1968. Accepted for publication September 3, 1968.