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Dust Deposition in Relation to Site, Season, and Climatic Variables¹

ABSTRACT

Mean monthly dust deposition into standard traps for 14–37 mo at 14 locally nondusty sites east of the Rocky Mountains ranged from 17–459 kg/ha (15–410 lb/acre). Analyses of variance for 13 sites over 27 mo showed significant differences in dust rates, pH, oxidizable matter, and percent clay for sites and for months.

Some late fall and winter months showed significantly lower rates than late spring and summer. The silt plus sand fraction tended to be lower and the percentages of oxidizables were higher for low deposition rates and eastern sites. pH decreased, generally, from west to east. Grass phytoliths were prominent. Illite and kaolinite were dominant over montmorillonite in clay fractions.

Correlation analyses showed positive relations between dust deposition rates and some power of average monthly wind velocity either near the stations or for western Kansas winds. Rainfall parameters tended to correlate positively with dust catch at most stations and at all stations combined, suggesting that considerable sediment is carried down by rainfall. Deposition rates were positively correlated among sites.

Multiple regression equations for predicting monthly dust deposition, using wind, rainfall, and season parameters, seem useful at several locations.

¹ Contribution from the Soil and Water Conservation Research Division, ARS, USDA, in cooperation with the Kansas Agr. Exp. Sta., and the US Weather Bureau, ESSA. Department of Agronomy Contribution no. 1076.

² Visiting Professor, Department of Agronomy and Genetics, West Virginia Univ., Morgantown, formerly Soil Scientist, USDA; Head, Department of Geology, Kansas State Univ., formerly Geologist, USDA; Soil Scientist, USDA; and State Climatologist, ESSA, respectively, Manhattan.

Received for publication April 10, 1969. Accepted for publication October 1, 1969.