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Fertilizer Nitrogen and Crop Rotation in Relation to Movement of Nitrate Nitrogen Through Soil Profiles¹

ABSTRACT

Recovery of fertilizer N by three successive corn (Zea mays L.) crops and as inorganic N in the soil profile following the last crop ranged from 72 to 88%. Total amount of NO₃-N in the soil profiles was directly related to the rate of N application and to the frequency of corn in the rotation. More leaching of NO₃-N generally occurred between fall and spring samplings than during the growing season. The most effective methods indicated for limiting the amounts of NO₃-N passing through the soil profile to the water table include: limiting rates of N fertilizer to approximately that required by the crop, reducing the acreage and frequency of corn or other crops that received fertilizer N in the rotation, and maintaining a crop cover on the land as much of the time as is feasible.

¹ Contributions from the Department of Soils, Agricultural Engineering, and Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. 53706. Published with the approval of the Director, Wis. Agr. Exp. Sta. Part of a dissertation submitted by the senior author in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Ph.D. degree, University of Wisconsin. Supported in part by the U. S. Dept. of Interior OWRR grant 14-01-9991-858 and Regional Technical Committee NC-69. Appreciation is expressed to Assistant Professor W. H. Paulson, Exp. Farms, University of Wisconsin, for his cooperation.

² Research Assistant, Research Assistant, Professor of Soils, Professor of Agricultural Engineering, and Associate Professor of Horticulture, respectively.

Received for publication December 2, 1969. Accepted for publication February 9, 1970.

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