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Published in Soil Sci Soc Am J 35:938-943 (1971)
© 1971 Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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The Chemistry and Phytotoxicity of Arsenic in Soils: I. Contaminated Field Soils1

E. A. Woolson2, J. H. Axley3 and P. C. Kearney2

ABSTRACT

Arsenic (As) residues on 58 surface soil samples taken from soils with a history of As application averaged 165 ppm As, while nearby soils not treated averaged 13 ppm As. Most of the residual As was found as Fe-As (0.1N NaOH extractable) by a modified soil P procedure. Water-soluble As (1N NH4Cl extractable) was detected in soils from two states. Other forms, Al- and Ca-As (0.5N NH4F and 0.5N H2SO4 extractable As, respectively), may predominate if the amount of "reactive" Al or Ca is high and reactive Fe is low. Bioassay of the contaminated and uncontaminated soils showed a correlation of 0.74 between growth reduction and total As and 0.82 with a summation of As fractions. Plants were tolerant to large As applications (670 ppm As) to soils which were high in reactive (1N NaOH extractable) Al.

NOTES

1 Scientific Article no. A-1691 and Contribution no. 4448 of the Maryland Agr. Exp. Sta., Dept. of Agronomy. Work done in cooperation with USDA, ARS, PSR, Beltsville, Md. Part of senior author's Ph.D. dissertation.

2 Analytical Chemist and Research Chemist, respectively; Plant Science Research Division, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, Md. 20705.

3 Professor, Department of Agronomy, Univ. of Maryland, College Park 20742.

Received for publication March 31, 1971. Accepted for publication July 28, 1971.






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Copyright © 1971 by the Soil Science Society of America.