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Published in Soil Sci Soc Am J 36:162-166 (1972)
© 1972 Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Effects of Hydroxyl-Containing Organics on the Strength-Energy Characteristics of Montmorillonite1

R. H. Dowdy2

ABSTRACT

The effect of polyvinyl alcohols and glucose on the tensile strength and tensile strain energy (rupture energy) of montmorillonite was studied by utilizing direct tensile strain of oriented clay films. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) dramatically increased the tensile strength of homoionically saturated montmorillonite in the following order: Na ≥ Ca >> Al. The intermediate molecular weight PVA8 (70,000–80,000 MW) increased strength significantly more than did the lower molecular weight PVA9 (14,000 MW). The strength of Na clay increased from 120 to 560 kg cm-2 with the addition of 30 g PVA8/100 g clay. Increases in strength were also noted at lower rates of polymer applications; 0.5 g PVA8/100 g clay doubled the strength of Ca clay. Glucose did not change the strength characteristics of montmorpillonite. The data suggest that long, linear, uncharged, polyhydroxylic polymers, such as PVA, are very effective in bridging clay domains. The tensile strain energy required to rupture montmorillonite increased with added PVA in a pattern similar to tensile strength increases.

NOTES

1 Contribution from the Corn Belt Branch, Soil and Water Conserv. Res. Div. ARS, USDA, in cooperation with the Minnesota Agr. Exp. Sta., St. Paul 55101. Paper no. 7581 Scientific Journal Series. Presented before Div. S-9, Soil Science Society of America, Tucson, Ariz. Aug. 23–28, 1970.

2 Research Soil Scientist, USDA, and Assistant Professor, Univ. of Minnesota.

Received for publication April 29, 1971. Accepted for publication October 6, 1971.






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