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Rate and Extent of Inorganic Phosphate Exchange in Lake Sediments¹

ABSTRACT

The exchangeability of sediment inorganic P was investigated by adding carrier-free ³²P inorganic phosphate to steady-state lake sediment-water systems and measuring the rate and extent of ³²P incorporation into the sediment phase. The effects of sediment properties (calcareous and noncalcareous), oxygen status, and addition of inorganic P on exchangeability were evaluated. Exchangeable P comprised from 19 to 43% of the total native inorganic P of the sediments investigated. Although inorganic P was released into solution in anaerobic systems due to reduction of iron from the ferric to the ferrous state, the total pool of exchangeable P (sediment phase plus in solution) was not greatly altered. Sorbed added inorganic P (equilibrated 2 weeks) showed approximately the same degree of exchangeability as native inorganic P in noncalcareous sediments but was more exchangeable in calcareous sediments. Exchangeable P exhibited exchange rates which were resolved into three separate first-order reactions by a graphical procedure. A major portion of exchangeable native sediment P (45 to 87%) participated in the rapid exchange reaction characterized by an exchange rate constant ranging from 7.4 to 46 hours^-1. These results show that a large pool of sediment inorganic P has a high potential for interaction with the overlying lake water and for biological assimilation.

¹ Contribution from the Water Chemistry Program and the Department of Soil Science, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison 53706. Research supported by the Engineering Exp. Sta., the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, and by Office of Water Resources Research Project no. 14-01-001-1961 (B-022 WIS) and Environmental Protection Agency Project no. 16010 EGR administered through the University of Wisconsin Water Resources Center. Presented before Div. S-2, S-3, and S-4, Soil Science Society of America, Tucson, Ariz., Aug. 26, 1970.

² Graduate Research Assistant; Associate Professor; Formerly Visiting Assistant Professor, currently Research Scientist, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, Ontario, Canada; Associate Professor and Associate Professor, respectively.

Received for publication July 6, 1971. Accepted for publication November 15, 1971.